Definition Implementation sectors (R&D)

Implementation sectors (R&D)

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Implementation sectors (R&D)

Implementation in R&D refers to: who implements, or carries out Scientific Research or Technological Development. There are three sectors of implementation:

Administration: According to the Frascati manual this sector includes:

1. All ministries, offices, and other bodies, which supply, generally free of charge, collective services, which are neither economical nor easy to supply in another way and which, furthermore, administrate public affairs and the economic and social policy of the collective. (Public companies are included in the companies sector).
2. The IPSFL which are controlled and financed principally by the administration.

Higher education: According to the Frascati manual this sector includes all universities and university level centres, whatever the origin of their funding and their legal standing. It also includes all research institutes, experimental stations, and hospitals which are directly under control, administrated by or associated with higher education centres.

Company: According to the Frascati manual this sector includes:

1. All companies, bodies and institutions which have as their principal activity the mercantile production of goods and services (excepting those of higher education) for public sale, at a price which corresponds to economic reality.
2. Private non-profit making institutions, which are basically at the service of the above mentioned companies.

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